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\u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0435. \u0412 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 86 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u043c\u0438\u043d. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e 5 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f 1946 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 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data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-76.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/ftwv3cyE3OqU69Be67uP_SG9i1LxO4Wc1LA-6g\\\/yQWQ3pvbu44.jpg?size=75x50&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=53f0d35c723ca7900b27e5f4d658e134&#038;type=album\",75,50],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-76.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/ftwv3cyE3OqU69Be67uP_SG9i1LxO4Wc1LA-6g\\\/yQWQ3pvbu44.jpg?size=130x87&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=caa7bd3bf31970c85fc631e3c0a3a167&#038;type=album\",130,87],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-76.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/ftwv3cyE3OqU69Be67uP_SG9i1LxO4Wc1LA-6g\\\/yQWQ3pvbu44.jpg?size=604x403&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=3e2655e8fee6e8d0ddf28d106eef8e6d&#038;type=album\",604,403],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-76.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/ftwv3cyE3OqU69Be67uP_SG9i1LxO4Wc1LA-6g\\\/yQWQ3pvbu44.jpg?size=807x539&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=04b7bf9d84100886f5fe81dbe2325eb9&#038;type=album\",807,539],\"z\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-76.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/ftwv3cyE3OqU69Be67uP_SG9i1LxO4Wc1LA-6g\\\/yQWQ3pvbu44.jpg?size=990x661&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=65a80ce7ecfdaec73886758c137ae548&#038;type=album\",990,661]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-76.userapi.com\/impg\/ftwv3cyE3OqU69Be67uP_SG9i1LxO4Wc1LA-6g\/yQWQ3pvbu44.jpg?size=807x539&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=04b7bf9d84100886f5fe81dbe2325eb9&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21161\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first\">\u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0435 5 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c 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\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u043d\u043e\u0447\u044c \u0432\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u2026<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"0\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-60.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QdUzaLs2LdAg9Wc9M6SYWAom1BJPnxru-OJbxw\\\/YC88ksHR9n0.jpg?size=75x48&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=7f372d82b8af409190cfb45c68814c3e&#038;type=album\",75,48],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-60.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QdUzaLs2LdAg9Wc9M6SYWAom1BJPnxru-OJbxw\\\/YC88ksHR9n0.jpg?size=130x82&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=93fa38876362cde1ac58de7c23295eb4&#038;type=album\",130,82],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-60.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QdUzaLs2LdAg9Wc9M6SYWAom1BJPnxru-OJbxw\\\/YC88ksHR9n0.jpg?size=604x383&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=e35e415b8ae6609927324087103a6a60&#038;type=album\",604,383],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-60.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QdUzaLs2LdAg9Wc9M6SYWAom1BJPnxru-OJbxw\\\/YC88ksHR9n0.jpg?size=750x476&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=aa822777faa614fb8d1f95ae4dedddd5&#038;type=album\",750,476]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-60.userapi.com\/impg\/QdUzaLs2LdAg9Wc9M6SYWAom1BJPnxru-OJbxw\/YC88ksHR9n0.jpg?size=750x476&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=aa822777faa614fb8d1f95ae4dedddd5&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21162\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d-\u0425\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u0441 28 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e 7 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u043b\u043e 20 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432, 18 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 25 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"0\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-15.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/YyAr7fJR1BOlFcTnYjcqhe0iSXBlKr-ZHQHwLg\\\/tA5msBVIVFM.jpg?size=75x52&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=288f2d5dc862d0a45e886e29ed94dabb&#038;type=album\",75,52],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-15.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/YyAr7fJR1BOlFcTnYjcqhe0iSXBlKr-ZHQHwLg\\\/tA5msBVIVFM.jpg?size=130x90&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=8ce91ba0093443315b5d5b5fd161991e&#038;type=album\",130,90],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-15.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/YyAr7fJR1BOlFcTnYjcqhe0iSXBlKr-ZHQHwLg\\\/tA5msBVIVFM.jpg?size=604x419&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=c4ba072cf3626baa30144ed1e1919cbe&#038;type=album\",604,419],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-15.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/YyAr7fJR1BOlFcTnYjcqhe0iSXBlKr-ZHQHwLg\\\/tA5msBVIVFM.jpg?size=807x560&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=ab730f1f7f1d3d094bf590e95ddb75d8&#038;type=album\",807,560],\"z\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-15.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/YyAr7fJR1BOlFcTnYjcqhe0iSXBlKr-ZHQHwLg\\\/tA5msBVIVFM.jpg?size=1280x888&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=a8859536991df6ec9fb25733061ac216&#038;type=album\",1280,888],\"w\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-15.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/YyAr7fJR1BOlFcTnYjcqhe0iSXBlKr-ZHQHwLg\\\/tA5msBVIVFM.jpg?size=1667x1156&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=56612f48342316909c30b0eea628f4bd&#038;type=album\",1667,1156]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-15.userapi.com\/impg\/YyAr7fJR1BOlFcTnYjcqhe0iSXBlKr-ZHQHwLg\/tA5msBVIVFM.jpg?size=807x560&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=ab730f1f7f1d3d094bf590e95ddb75d8&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21163\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first\">\u041e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043e 18 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0434\u043e 10 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<p class=\" article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438, \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d &#8211; \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445. \u0412 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b: \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0416\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 -\u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u00ab\u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0444\u044c\u00bb, \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0421\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0434\u044b &#8211; \u0438 \u0423\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0444\u044c \u2013 \u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435-\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"0\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-2.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/vH6z44Usf-3PzYvHIPXHG77Q14oyWF0pAxaeiQ\\\/BaPp61sOM8k.jpg?size=75x56&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=0fc195f05008958d03273ab63e706fa8&#038;type=album\",75,56],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-2.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/vH6z44Usf-3PzYvHIPXHG77Q14oyWF0pAxaeiQ\\\/BaPp61sOM8k.jpg?size=130x96&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=b85950ddb0530a81289afad418cec180&#038;type=album\",130,96],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-2.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/vH6z44Usf-3PzYvHIPXHG77Q14oyWF0pAxaeiQ\\\/BaPp61sOM8k.jpg?size=604x448&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=42f497dd36eb7c48512f764dde648b09&#038;type=album\",604,448],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-2.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/vH6z44Usf-3PzYvHIPXHG77Q14oyWF0pAxaeiQ\\\/BaPp61sOM8k.jpg?size=807x599&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=d81975a8771b348828831ac7efcfb5ec&#038;type=album\",807,599],\"z\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-2.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/vH6z44Usf-3PzYvHIPXHG77Q14oyWF0pAxaeiQ\\\/BaPp61sOM8k.jpg?size=1280x949&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=9ecef482296a1cfb3a6faf446cec569b&#038;type=album\",1280,949],\"w\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-2.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/vH6z44Usf-3PzYvHIPXHG77Q14oyWF0pAxaeiQ\\\/BaPp61sOM8k.jpg?size=2560x1899&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=e2c299adacb88a98dc0dea1bfa43c4e8&#038;type=album\",2560,1899]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-2.userapi.com\/impg\/vH6z44Usf-3PzYvHIPXHG77Q14oyWF0pAxaeiQ\/BaPp61sOM8k.jpg?size=807x599&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=d81975a8771b348828831ac7efcfb5ec&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21164\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first\">\u041a\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043b \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438? \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f &#8211; \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438. \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c. \u0420\u0435\u0431\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0410 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p class=\" article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 70 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u043c\u0438\u043d, \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"0\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-24.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QWrsjFCRxv9PNDSWp07F4Iobw-ZmcS6hghVVFw\\\/QzBSG_JpH04.jpg?size=75x54&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=a38db1bb1d89d0e5eeceb29138df187e&#038;type=album\",75,54],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-24.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QWrsjFCRxv9PNDSWp07F4Iobw-ZmcS6hghVVFw\\\/QzBSG_JpH04.jpg?size=130x93&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=eb31b5533a9ab7130fa3746febd490f9&#038;type=album\",130,93],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-24.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QWrsjFCRxv9PNDSWp07F4Iobw-ZmcS6hghVVFw\\\/QzBSG_JpH04.jpg?size=604x432&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=347ab10d5fd54054739e9a561bc6f65f&#038;type=album\",604,432],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-24.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QWrsjFCRxv9PNDSWp07F4Iobw-ZmcS6hghVVFw\\\/QzBSG_JpH04.jpg?size=807x577&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=c3a7cbdb23c937630f4a675edad86c7d&#038;type=album\",807,577],\"z\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-24.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QWrsjFCRxv9PNDSWp07F4Iobw-ZmcS6hghVVFw\\\/QzBSG_JpH04.jpg?size=1280x916&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=47fc5251004e4a51596c0e1b90cf244c&#038;type=album\",1280,916],\"w\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-24.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/QWrsjFCRxv9PNDSWp07F4Iobw-ZmcS6hghVVFw\\\/QzBSG_JpH04.jpg?size=1800x1288&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=bced47f3eb30812c058f204699a38d1b&#038;type=album\",1800,1288]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-24.userapi.com\/impg\/QWrsjFCRxv9PNDSWp07F4Iobw-ZmcS6hghVVFw\/QzBSG_JpH04.jpg?size=807x577&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=c3a7cbdb23c937630f4a675edad86c7d&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21165\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first\">\u041c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0448\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u0432\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043f\u0443\u044e\u00bb \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e, \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435 &#8211; \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b \u00ab\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0440\u0435\u043f\u044b\u00bb. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043b\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0435\u0451 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u00ab\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0445\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f\u00bb. \u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435, \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0449\u0443\u043f\u044c.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u041a\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u043f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b\u0445\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d \u0432\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e 66 500 \u043c\u0438\u043d.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u044b\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 5 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f 1946 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0413\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d &#8211; \u0425\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442, \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p class=\" article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u041a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 1962 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u042d\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e 11 900 \u043c\u0438\u043d. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b. \u0418 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"0\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-57.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/phIAV2fIrSuEBasayNw5AMCsg7Sy6x2nn2n2kw\\\/MFW70xYk9hM.jpg?size=75x48&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=abccd0cac9db85656d0bb46ace011acf&#038;type=album\",75,48],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-57.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/phIAV2fIrSuEBasayNw5AMCsg7Sy6x2nn2n2kw\\\/MFW70xYk9hM.jpg?size=130x82&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=e756a430d104e5191f31b520f270ddad&#038;type=album\",130,82],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-57.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/phIAV2fIrSuEBasayNw5AMCsg7Sy6x2nn2n2kw\\\/MFW70xYk9hM.jpg?size=604x383&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=12315f971d4e56ce523b78b94415b886&#038;type=album\",604,383],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-57.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/phIAV2fIrSuEBasayNw5AMCsg7Sy6x2nn2n2kw\\\/MFW70xYk9hM.jpg?size=800x507&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=3f507a9165b4a289ab9b45b5f768a1fe&#038;type=album\",800,507]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-57.userapi.com\/impg\/phIAV2fIrSuEBasayNw5AMCsg7Sy6x2nn2n2kw\/MFW70xYk9hM.jpg?size=800x507&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=3f507a9165b4a289ab9b45b5f768a1fe&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21166\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first\">\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434. \u0411\u043e\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00a0<strong class=\"\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e 1957 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong>, \u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u042d\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u044b\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c\u00a0<strong class=\"\">\u0432 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\" article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u0421\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 9 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430, \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u0445. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0439 1946 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c 29 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, 17 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u044d\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"0\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-80.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/MArXNzpA0PaGIUpil3NTuIeMgQwg7a_sOyc-2A\\\/r2-S0Jd3qi0.jpg?size=75x46&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=786dce85dbbfc751d60967dc8eb07d29&#038;type=album\",75,46],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-80.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/MArXNzpA0PaGIUpil3NTuIeMgQwg7a_sOyc-2A\\\/r2-S0Jd3qi0.jpg?size=130x79&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=9962ab7ae0207b534a6e13a7c07e4147&#038;type=album\",130,79],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-80.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/MArXNzpA0PaGIUpil3NTuIeMgQwg7a_sOyc-2A\\\/r2-S0Jd3qi0.jpg?size=604x369&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=3b74e68ed90411c4412f89563464a9e5&#038;type=album\",604,369],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-80.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/MArXNzpA0PaGIUpil3NTuIeMgQwg7a_sOyc-2A\\\/r2-S0Jd3qi0.jpg?size=614x375&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=ebe0e1fbdf00b1f249a6806d98dc79e3&#038;type=album\",614,375]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-80.userapi.com\/impg\/MArXNzpA0PaGIUpil3NTuIeMgQwg7a_sOyc-2A\/r2-S0Jd3qi0.jpg?size=614x375&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=ebe0e1fbdf00b1f249a6806d98dc79e3&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21167\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first\">\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 1957 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f, \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0445. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u0412 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 1958-1964 \u0433\u0433. \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e 157 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u00ab\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u00bb \u043c\u0438\u043d. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u044c \u0432 15 \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 6850 \u043c\u0438\u043d.<\/p>\n<p class=\" article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u041a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u042d\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e 11 900 \u043c\u0438\u043d. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"1\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-79.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/FJpohTD_4rQs5EVNjwp7CM-IQvm7IGm6OoL53w\\\/L5UxmsZZYJc.jpg?size=50x75&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=913898a74c58c2fa35daa52271a2c1d4&#038;type=album\",50,75],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-79.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/FJpohTD_4rQs5EVNjwp7CM-IQvm7IGm6OoL53w\\\/L5UxmsZZYJc.jpg?size=86x130&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=d7474f3ba2bc7f11c022f7a8c8761a14&#038;type=album\",86,130],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-79.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/FJpohTD_4rQs5EVNjwp7CM-IQvm7IGm6OoL53w\\\/L5UxmsZZYJc.jpg?size=400x604&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=5fea18053fdc2fb3cac68f6806b4c51c&#038;type=album\",400,604],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-79.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/FJpohTD_4rQs5EVNjwp7CM-IQvm7IGm6OoL53w\\\/L5UxmsZZYJc.jpg?size=534x807&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=1e20637e2153c2eb330bb733d386f743&#038;type=album\",534,807],\"z\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-79.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/FJpohTD_4rQs5EVNjwp7CM-IQvm7IGm6OoL53w\\\/L5UxmsZZYJc.jpg?size=715x1080&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=2a4bff0b07854bcdc76c540df956a1b8&#038;type=album\",715,1080],\"w\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-79.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/FJpohTD_4rQs5EVNjwp7CM-IQvm7IGm6OoL53w\\\/L5UxmsZZYJc.jpg?size=768x1160&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=129ce8ad3e38bc851257de4db1eb0c05&#038;type=album\",768,1160]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-79.userapi.com\/impg\/FJpohTD_4rQs5EVNjwp7CM-IQvm7IGm6OoL53w\/L5UxmsZZYJc.jpg?size=400x604&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=5fea18053fdc2fb3cac68f6806b4c51c&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21168\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u0417\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0427\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430: \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0414\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0447\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u041b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c 3-\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u041f\u0430\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u041e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443. \u0412 1990 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0426\u041f\u041a\u0438\u041e \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c 8-\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430. \u0412 2015 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 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