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data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-27.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/xV6xbIVZstteyNZxhWx1QBtX-8njTh3CifCFWg\\\/WEfInqoFsl4.jpg?size=75x50&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=09e891e6fa1e98c11687b6f83ce0ccdc&#038;type=album\",75,50],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-27.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/xV6xbIVZstteyNZxhWx1QBtX-8njTh3CifCFWg\\\/WEfInqoFsl4.jpg?size=130x87&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=2d8dbeb0665d79387040ae41ed1cf01f&#038;type=album\",130,87],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-27.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/xV6xbIVZstteyNZxhWx1QBtX-8njTh3CifCFWg\\\/WEfInqoFsl4.jpg?size=604x403&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=1f912bd3ce8d55f4971976c1bc5fa39a&#038;type=album\",604,403],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-27.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/xV6xbIVZstteyNZxhWx1QBtX-8njTh3CifCFWg\\\/WEfInqoFsl4.jpg?size=807x538&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=e8d67195a677a20841e8ae70f44ce55b&#038;type=album\",807,538],\"z\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-27.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/xV6xbIVZstteyNZxhWx1QBtX-8njTh3CifCFWg\\\/WEfInqoFsl4.jpg?size=1200x800&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=6e5b654e89c7c0173b28b11982ee9bff&#038;type=album\",1200,800]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-27.userapi.com\/impg\/xV6xbIVZstteyNZxhWx1QBtX-8njTh3CifCFWg\/WEfInqoFsl4.jpg?size=807x538&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=e8d67195a677a20841e8ae70f44ce55b&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u00ab\u042f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0443 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\u00bb, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21161\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0451\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 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\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u00ab\u042f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0443 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\u00bb, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21162\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u0412 1946-1959 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u044b \u041c\u0411\u0420. \u0412 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\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u041c\u0411\u0420 \u0438 \u0420\u0421\u0414. \u041a \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0443 1970-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f, \u041c\u0411\u0420 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c.<\/p>\n<p class=\" article_decoration_last article_decoration_before\">\u041a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 1980-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u041c\u0411\u0420 \u00ab\u0422\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u00bb. \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u00ab\u0422\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u00bb \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0420\u041a \u0420\u0412\u0421\u041d \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0451 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<figure 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decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-11.userapi.com\/impg\/YBinCunS4tgtISFUJIiRI3FuEFFJesAWd7jSkA\/V__flPlSSag.jpg?size=807x570&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=647d9f8c150900997f93044bdab2e6b8&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u00ab\u042f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0443 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\u00bb, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21166\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last\">\u0421 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0420\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430 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\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0451\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last\">\u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b:<span id=\"tolko-fakty\" class=\"article_anchor_button\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol class=\"article_decoration_first article-list\" start=\"1\">\n<li class=\"article-list__item\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u2013 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u0435 1946 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0415\u0451 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 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\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0424\u0430\u0443-2.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure class=\"article_decoration_first article_decoration_last \" data-type=\"101\" data-mode=\"0\" data-done=\"1\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_content\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer_content\">\n<div class=\"article_object_sizer_wrap\" data-sizes=\"[{\"s\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-42.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/IXqrM-vRkats8cfodOJZzt9dNr6Gh89Z8LRniw\\\/AKHAVi79vH4.jpg?size=75x49&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=6a65fdbd858eb9d8ac23c56b9af42f00&#038;type=album\",75,49],\"m\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-42.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/IXqrM-vRkats8cfodOJZzt9dNr6Gh89Z8LRniw\\\/AKHAVi79vH4.jpg?size=130x85&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=dbcd7c0e21a963c1c712fd7ab176823e&#038;type=album\",130,85],\"x\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-42.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/IXqrM-vRkats8cfodOJZzt9dNr6Gh89Z8LRniw\\\/AKHAVi79vH4.jpg?size=604x395&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=db661963bfb1449c4c96e0d79439a371&#038;type=album\",604,395],\"y\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-42.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/IXqrM-vRkats8cfodOJZzt9dNr6Gh89Z8LRniw\\\/AKHAVi79vH4.jpg?size=807x528&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=b297255aafa071aa87e8a6aaf0fa3b11&#038;type=album\",807,528],\"z\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sun9-42.userapi.com\\\/impg\\\/IXqrM-vRkats8cfodOJZzt9dNr6Gh89Z8LRniw\\\/AKHAVi79vH4.jpg?size=1280x837&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=fa3269a1028a7e9b63533f3b0a4f78b3&#038;type=album\",1280,837]}]\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_object_sizer_inner\" src=\"https:\/\/sun9-42.userapi.com\/impg\/IXqrM-vRkats8cfodOJZzt9dNr6Gh89Z8LRniw\/AKHAVi79vH4.jpg?size=807x528&#038;quality=95&#038;sign=b297255aafa071aa87e8a6aaf0fa3b11&#038;type=album\" alt=\"\u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u00ab\u042f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0443 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\u00bb, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u21167\" data-baseurl=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_sizer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption data-captions=\"[\"\"]\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol class=\"article_decoration_first article-list\" start=\"3\">\n<li class=\"article-list__item\">\u0412 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 1950 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0420-2 \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0451\u0442\u0430 \u0432 590 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol class=\" article-list\" start=\"4\">\n<li class=\"article-list__item\">\u0412 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 1953 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439 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\u041c. \u0418. \u041d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043b \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol class=\" article-list\" start=\"7\">\n<li class=\"article-list__item\">12 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1991 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b \u2013 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